Documents & references

SKIM Report for Mission Selection
The Report for Mission Selection of Earth Explorer 9 Candidate Mission SKIM is available for download at the link below:
Download here

SKIM-specific papers:

• Ardhuin et al. (Ocean Sci. 2018). Measuring currents, ice drift, and waves from space: The Sea surface KInematics Multiscale monitoring (SKIM) concept.
• Ardhuin et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science 2019). SKIM, a Candidate Satellite Mission Exploring Global Ocean Currents and Waves.
• Garabato et al. (Geophysical Research Letters 2019). Phased response of the subpolar Southern Ocean to changes in circumpolar winds.
• Holding et al. (Ocean Sci. Discuss. 2019, in review). The FluxEngine air-sea gas flux toolbox: simplified interface and extensions for in situ analyses and multiple sparingly soluble gases.
• Landy et al. (IEE TGRS 2019). A facet-based numerical model for simulation SAR altimeter echoes from heterogeneous sea ice surfaces.
• Marié et al. (Ocean Sci. Discuss. 2019, submitted). Measuring ocean surface velocities with the KuROS and KaRADOC airborne near-nadir Doppler radars: a multi-scale analysis in preparation of the SKIM mission.
• Nouguier et al. (IEEE TGRS 2018). Sea Surface Kinematics From Near-Nadir Radar Measurements.
• Onink et al. (JGR Oceans 2019). The role of Ekman currents, Geostrophy, and Stokes drift in the accumulation of floating microplastic.
• Scutt Phillips et al. (Environmental Research Communications 2019). Regional connectivity and spatial densities of drifting fish aggregating devises, simulated from fishing events in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean.
• van Sebille et al. (Ocean Sci. Discuss. 2019, in review). Basin-scale sources and pathways of microplastic that ends up in the Galápagos Archipelago.

Doppler radar and backscatter from the ocean:

• Jackson (RS 1981). An analysis of short pulse and dual frequency radar techniques for measuring ocean wave spectra from satellites.
• Jackson et al. (JGR 1985). Aircraft and Satellite Measurement of Ocean Wave Directional Spectra Using Scanning-Beam Microwave Radars.
• Vandemark et al. (JPO 2004). Ocean wave slope observations using radar backscatter and laser altimeters.
• Chapron et al. (JGR 2005). Direct measurements of ocean surface velocity from space: Interpretation and validation.
• Ngan et al. (IEEE GRSL 2007). Effect of long waves on Ku-band ocean radar backscatter at low incidence angles using TRMM and altimeter data.
• Johannessen et al. (GRL 2008). Direct ocean surface velocity measurements from space: Improved quantitative interpretation of Envisat ASAR observations.
• Mouche et al. (WRCM 2008). Predicted Doppler shifts induced by ocean surface wave displacements using asymptotic electromagnetic wave scattering theories.
• Walsh et al. (JPO 2008). The southern ocean waves experiment. Part III: Sea surface slope statistics and near-nadir remote sensing.
• Caudal et al. (JAOT 2014). KuROS: A New Airborne Ku-Band Doppler Radar for Observation of Surfaces.
• Saïd et al. (IEEE TGRS 2015). An Ocean Wind Doppler Model Based on the Generalized Curvature Ocean Surface Scattering Model.
• Nouguier et al. (IEEE GRSL 2016). Analysis of Dual-Frequency Ocean Backscatter Measurements at Ku- and Ka-Bands Using Near-Nadir Incidence GPM Radar Data.
• Rodriguez et al. (RS 2018). Estimating Ocean Vector Winds and Currents Using a Ka-band Pencil-Beam Doppler Scatterometer.
• Yurovsky et al. (IEEE TGRS 2018). Modulation of Ka-Band Doppler Radar Signals Backscattered From the Sea Surface.

Upper ocean currents:

• Rio and Hernandez (JGR 2003). High-frequency response of wind-driven currents measured by drifting buoys and altimetry over the world ocean.
• Rascle and Ardhuin (JGR 2009). Drift and mixing under the ocean surface revisited: Stratified conditions and model-data comparisons.
• Rio et al. (GRL 2014). Beyond GOCE for the ocean circulation estimate: Synergetic use of altimetry, gravimetry, and in situ data provides new insight into geostrophic and Ekman currents.
• Sutherland and Melville (JPO 2015). Field Measurements of Surface and Near-Surface Turbulence in the Presence of Breaking Waves.
• Rio et al. (JAOT 2016). Improving the Altimeter-Derived Surface Currents Using High-Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Data: A Feasability Study Based on Model Outputs.
• Sutherland et al. (JPO 2016). Enhanced Turbulence Associated with the Diurnal Jet in the Ocean Surface Boundary Layer.
• Laxague et al. (GRL 2018). Observations of Near‐Surface Current Shear Help Describe Oceanic Oil and Plastic Transport.
• Chelton et al. (PO 2018). Prospects for Future Satellite Estimation of Small-Scale Variability of Ocean Surface Velocity and Vorticity.

Reference measurement systems:

• Niiler et al. (JPO 1995). Wind-Driven Motions in the Northeast Pacific as Measured by Lagrangian Drifters.
• Ivonin (JGR 2004). Validation of HF radar probing of the vertical shear of surface currents by acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements.
• Ardhuin et al. (JPO 2009). Observation and Estimation of Lagrangian, Stokes, and Eulerian Currents Induced by Wind and Waves at the Sea Surface.
• Kudryavtsev et al. (JGR 2017 Part 1).  Sun glitter imagery of ocean surface waves. Part 1: Directional spectrum retrieval and validation.
• Kudryavtsev et al. (JGR 2017 Part 2).  Sun glitter imagery of surface waves. Part 2: Waves transformation on ocean currents.
• Laurindo et al. (DSR 2017). An improved surface velocity climatology for the global ocean from drifter observations.
• Lumpkin et al. (ARMS 2017). Advances in the application of surface drifters.